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Diflucan is an antifungal drug that is used in treating systemic occurrences of fungal infection. Its generic name is Fluconazole. It is mainly intended as a last resort to treat superficial fungal infections that other anti-fungal drugs cannot treat. Usually, initial treatment with the use of anti-fungal drugs have adverse effect to the patient or cannot treat an existing infection.

Diflucan (Fluconazole) treats a variety of fungal infection. Candidiasis, also called yeast infection, is an infection by the candida fungi species. This medicine can treat candidiasis effectively. A serious case of this infection can lead to fungemia or the presence of fungi or yeast in the blood. Tinea corporis or the fungal infection of the skin on arms and legs. This infection is especially evident on a hairless skin surface or the so-called glabrous skin (such as the groin area). Infection on the groin area or tinea cruris is commonly called jock’s itch. The tinea pedis or fungal infection of the foot, otherwise called athlete’s foot. Fluconazole is also used to treat onychomycosis or the fungal infection of the nail, usually toenails. The drug also treats a type of meningitis caused by the fungi cryptococcus.

The Fluconazole drug can also be used as a first-line defense for a variety of fungal infections. The drug treats the valley fever or coccidioidomycosis, the cryptococcosis disease, and histoplasmosis or otherwise known as Darling’s disease, which primarily affects the lung organ.

How this medicine works

Diflucan is part of the triazole classes of antifungal drugs wherein they inhibit fungal growth by stopping the development of a particular hemoprotein called Cytochrome P450. A hemoprotein is a kind of metalloprotein or protein with a metal cofactor component. Hemorpoteins are very common in microorganisms such as bacteria, eukaryotes and archaebacteria.

The objective is to prevent the conversion of lanosterol — a compound which is the mother of natural steroids seen in animal and plant life — into ergosterol: the major component of the cytoplasmic membrane of a fungi.

Dosage and administration

The dosage will depend on the fungal infection being treated. For skin fungal infections, a weekly dose of 150 to 300 mg of the drug is an ideal treatment dose. For vaginal fungal infections, a dose of 150 mg/ day is recommended. For the candidiasis fungal infection, the dosage is initially 150 mg before increasing it gradually during the treatment.

This medicine must be taken with a full glass of drinking water. To make an accurate dosage, shake the oral suspension before pouring it on a measuring spoon. Between the tablet and the suspension, the latter can be stored for longer shelf life. If the oral suspension is stored in the refrigerator, do not let it freeze. Moreover, it can only be stored two weeks after opening.

What to expect — side effects

The common side effects include difficulty in breathing, hives, swelling in the face, lips, and throat. These side effects happen to less than one percent of the patients. A patient, however, should immediately seek medical help if the following are observed: severe blistering, and the appearance of red skin rashes, unusual weakness and seizures.

Precaution to take

Drug therapies that include Diflucan may cause to cardiac arrhythmia because of a prolonged QT interval. Cardiac arrhythmia is the irregular electrical activity of the heart, which can be either faster or slower. Therefore, the drug is used with caution with patients that have risk factors for a cardiac arrhythmia, such as those with heart and thyroid problems. Related to this, this medicine is not administered with the drug cisapride, the drug used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease, because of its association with cardiac arrhythmia.

Patients with a history or has liver disease must also take precaution when taking this medicine. There have been cases wherein such patients have experienced serious hepatotoxicity or liver damage caused by chemical reactions. During treatment, if taking this drug is really necessary, the patient must be regularly monitored for any signs of liver degradation.

Breastfeeding mothers are also not advised to take the drug since studies have shown that it is also being expelled in human milk.